OPTIMIZATION OF EXTRACTION CONDITIONS OF TOTAL ALKALOID CONTENT (TAC) in CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS (L.) G. DON APOCYNACEAE by UV-VIS SPECTROPHOTOMETRY

Abstract

Catharanthus. roseus is a well-recognized herbal medicine due to its anticancer bisindole alkaloids (vinblastine, vincristine and vindesine). In the Ayurvedic system of medicine, different parts of C. roseus are used in folklore herbal medicine for treatment of many types of cancer, diabetes, stomach disorders, kidney, liver and cardiovascular diseases. Aim of the study: The main ideas behind this scientific article are to extract the alkaloid total extract; and to optimize the alkaloid extract conditions by using response surface methodology (RSM). The plant part used was the whole plant. The effects of three independent variables (extraction solvent/ material ratio (shorten: solvent/ material ratio):, X1 material soaking time in extraction solvent (shorten: soaking time): X2 and pH of extraction solvent (shorten: pH of solvent) X3) on one response variable (total alkaloid content calculated by vinblastine content, (shorten: TAC): Y) was determined using central composite design (CCD) while phytochemical profiling of the extracts was determined by UV- Vis spectrophotometer. Quadratic models produced a satisfactory fitting of the experimental data with regard to total alkaloid content (r2?=?0.972, p ¡ 0.05). The best extraction conditions observed for total alkaloid content was at solvent/ material ratio of 1?:?5?g/ml; material soaking time in extraction solvent; X2 for 18 (hour); pH of extraction solvent, X3: 8 with the optimum value for total alkaloid content was 0, 5841 mg/g. The main phytochemical compound in the optimized C. roseus extract is vinblastine. As conclusion, this study clearly demonstrated the best conditions to obtain higher phytochemical compound which can be further used for the development of cancer, diabetes, stomach disorders agents.